Political Relations between the Abbasid Caliphate and the Sultanate of Rum Empire in Anatolia

(Fatima Yahya Zakarya Al- Rbaidi)

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Abstract

The Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad has been associated with a series of political relations with sovereigns of states and emirates of Islamic and non-Islamic parties, considering the fact that the Caliphate is a global political strength. It also represents the highest spiritual and religious authority of Muslims. This study reveals the nature of the political relations between the Abbasid Caliphate and the Sultanate of the Seljuks (Rum Empire) in Anatolia, from the birth of the Sultanate until the fall of the Caliphate. Moreover, relations between the two countries fluctuated in the beginning and were greatly influenced by relations between the Abbasids and the Great Seljuks of the East, since Rum Seljuks were forming one of the branches of the Great Seljuq Empire. Then, after the extinction of the Great Seljuks, relations between them improved and stayed on a path of agreement and harmony, adhering to the principles of obedience and loyalty in exchange for providing the Sultanate legitimacy for government in the eyes of its people.

KEYWORDS
Abbasid caliphate, the rum seljuks in anatolia, political relations

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