![KFU Logo](/ScientificJournal/Content/UserStyle/imgs/logo-ar-dark.png)
Scientific Journal Of King Faisal University
Basic and Applied Sciences
Scientific Journal of King Faisal University / Humanities and Management Sciences
Forced Displacement in International and Islamic Law
(Gassem Musaed Alfaleh)Abstract
This study focuses on the crime of forced displacement under international and Islamic law, and the penalties imposed by those laws. This study consists of three topics: first, the definition of the crime of forced displacement, and its effects on the international community; second, the crime of forced displacement in public international law; and third, the crime of forced displacement in Islamic jurisprudence. One of the most important results of this study is to explain the position of Islamic law on forced displacement and forbid it in many hadiths. This study will also show how Islamic law is compatible with international criminal law in criminalizing this type of crime.
KEYWORDS
Human rights, international criminal law, international responsibility
PDF
References
Abdullah, S.A. (2014). Altaeamul Mae Ghyr Almuslimin Fi Alquran Alkarim Walsanat Alnibwiati. 'Dealing with Non-Muslims in the Noble Qur’an and Sunnah'. Cairo: Arab Horizons House. [in Arabic]
Abu Dawood. S.A. (1996). Sunan 'Abi Dawd. 'Sunan Abi Dawood'. Beirut: Scientific Books House. [in Arabic]
Abu Qassim, L.I. (2018). Altahjir alqasriu kijarimat dida al'iinsaniati. 'forced displacement as a crime against humanity'. Jihan Erbil University Scientific Journal, 2(1), n/a. [in Arabic]
Abu Yahya, M.H. (2010). Huquq Al'iinsan Fi Al'iislam. 'Human rights in Islam'. Jordan: Jaffa Scientific House. [in Arabic]
Abu Yahya, M.H. (2010). Huquq Almar'at Fi Al'islam Walqanun Aldawli. 'Women's Rights in Islam and International law'. Jordan: Jaffa Scientific House. [in Arabic]
Abu Zahra, M. (1998). Aljarimat Waleuqubat Fi Alfaqih Al'iislami. 'Crime and Punishment in Islamic Jurisprudence'. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi. [in Arabic]
Al-Albani, M.N. (1995). Silsilat Al'ahadith Alsahayhati. 'The Chain of Authentic Hadiths'. Beirut: Knowledge Library. [in Arabic]
Al-Baghawi, A.M. (1988). Tafsir Albighwi. 'Al-Baghawi Interpretation'. Riyadh: Taybah Publishing House. [in Arabic]
Al-Baladhari, A.Y. (1978). Futuh Albuldan. 'Countries Conquered'. Beirut: Scientific Books House. [in Arabic]
Al-Fatlawi, S.H. (2011). Jarayim Alharb Wajarayim Aleudwan. 'War Crimes and Crimes of Aggression'. Jordan: House of Culture for Publishing and Distribution. [in Arabic]
Al-Hakim, M.A. (1998). Almustadrik Ealaa Alsahihayni. 'Corrected for the two Corrects'. Beirut: House of Knowledge. [in Arabic]
Al-Hams, A. (2011). Tatawur Almaswuwliat Aljinayiyat Aldawliat Hawl Jarimat Al'iibadat Aljimaeiati. 'The Development of International Criminal Responsibility for the Crime of Genocide'. Riyadh: Law and Economics Library. [in Arabic]
Al-Hijjawi, M.A. (1994). Zad Almustaqnae Fi Aikhtisar Almaqnae. 'Zad Almustagni in Ikhtisar Almugni'. 2ed edition. Beirut: Scientific Books House. [in Arabic]
Al-Qurtubi, M.A. (2006). Aljamie Li'ahkam Alqurani. 'The Whole of the Provisions of the Qur'an'. Beirut: The Resala Foundation. [in Arabic]
Al-Saadi, A.N. (2001). Tafsir Alsiedi. 'Saadi Interpretation'. Riyadh: House of Ibn al-Jawzi. [in Arabic]
Al-Samurae, N. (2014). Altahjir Alqasriu Walqanun Alduwaliu Al'iinsani. 'Forced Displacement and International Humanitarian Law'. Riyadh: Links Center for Research and Strategic Studies. [in Arabic]
Al-Sarkhasi, S. (1988). Almabsut. 'The Full'. Beirut: House of Knowledge. [in Arabic]
Al-Tabari, M.J. (1954). Jamie Albayan Ean Tawil Ay Alquran. 'Jami Al-Bayan on the Interpretation of the Qur’an'. Egypt: Dar Al-Maaref. [in Arabic]
Al-Tirmidhi, M.I. (2019). Sunan Altarmadhi. 'Sunan Tirmidhi'. Beirut: Scientific Books House. [in Arabic]
Amer, A. (2014). Mafhum Altahjir Alqusrii Fi Alqanun Alduwalii Aleam. 'The Concept of Forced Displacement in Public International Law'. Available at: https://www.diwanalarab.com/spip.php?page=article&id_article=40414 (retrieved date: 10/11/2019). [in Arabic]
Aziz, S.H. (2015). Jarimat Altahjir Alqasri. 'The Crime of Forced Displacement'. Master Thesis, College of Law, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad. [in Arabic]
Bin-Ashour, M.A. (1984). Altahrir Waltanwir. 'Editing and Enlightenment'. Tunisia: The Tunisian Publishing House. [in Arabic]
Bradly. M. (2015). Forced Migration, Reconciliation and Justice. Montreal: Mcgill-Queen’s University Press.
Evans. M. (2006). International Law. 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fourth Geneva Convention. (1949). Aitifaqiat Jinif Alrrabieat Bishan Himayat Al'ashkhas Almadaniiyn Fi Waqt Alharb. 'Fourth Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War'. Available at: https://www.icrc.org/ar/resources/documents/treaty/geneva-convention-iv-on-civilians (accessed on 12/3/2020) [in Arabic]
Garouge, M. (2017). Jarimat altahjir alqasrii fi alqanun alduwalii al'iinsanii 'The crime of forced displacement in international humanitarian law'. Journal of the College of Law and Political Science at Ali Luense University, 14(14), 194–69. [in Arabic]
Guzman, A. (2013). Criminal and Forced Displacement: International and National Prospective. NY, NY: The International Center for Transitional Justice.
Hassan M. (2013). Al'atfal Waltahjir Alqasriu. 'Children and Forced Displacement'. Beirut: Scientific Books House. [in Arabic]
Hassan, H.M. (2008). Altahjir Alqasriu Fi Alearaqi (Draasat Tatbiqiat Ealaa Almuhajarin 'Iilaa Qada' Khaniqina). 'Forced Displacement in Iraq, (An Applied Study on the Displaced to the Khanaqin District).' Al-Fateh Magazine in the College of Sulaymaniyah, 4(34), 352–62. [in Arabic]
Hegazy, A.B. (2009). Almahkamat Aljinayiyat Aldawliat. 'International Criminal Court'. Cairo: Arab Renaissance House. [in Arabic]
Henckaerts, J. (2012). Customary International Humanitarian Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ibn al-Qayyim, M.A. (1997). Ahkam 'Ahl Aldhimati. 'Rulings of the people of Dhimmah'. Dammam: Rmady for publication. [in Arabic]
Ibn Faris, A. (2011). Miejam Maqayis Allaghati. 'Lexicon of Language Standards'. Beirut: Scientific Books House. [in Arabic]
Ibn Katheer, I.O. (1999). Tafsir Alquran Aleazimi. 'Great Interpretation of the Qur’an'. Riyadh: Taybah Publishing House. [in Arabic]
Ibn Qudamah, A.A. (2009). Almaghni. 'The Wider'. Beirut: Library science. [in Arabic]
Ibn Taymiyyah, M.A. (2007). Almahrir. 'The Editor'. Beirut: The Resala Foundation. [in Arabic]
International Criminal Court. (2018). Iimkaniat Tatbiq Qadiat Altahjir Alqasrii Lilruwhinja Min Qibal Almahkamat Aljinayiyat Aldawliat. 'The Rohingya Case of Forced Displacement Can be Applied By the International Criminal Court'. Available at: https://news.un.org/ar/story/2019/11/1043801 (accessed on 3/9/2019) [in Arabic]
Jacques, M. (2012). Armed Conflict and Displacement: The Protection of Refugees And Displaced Persons Under International Humanitarian Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kamal Al-Din, W. (2007). Sharae Min Qablina Bayn Alqabul Walrad. 'Old Law Between Acceptance and Response'. Available at: https://books.google.com.sa/books?id=SHuYhjGhDAwC&pg=PT2&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=2#v=onepage&q&f=false (accessed on 16/3/2020). [in Arabic]
Kittichaisaree. K. (2001). International Criminal Law. 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mohammed, I. (2016). Aljaza' Alduniawi Wal'akhrwy Fi Alshryet Al'iislamiat 'Worldly and Eschatological Reward in Islamic law'. Available at: https://www.alukah.net/sharia/0/114968/ (accessed on 2/23/2020) [in Arabic]
Murphy, S. (2006). Principles of International Law. Saint Paul, MN: Thomson West.
Nabih, N.A. (2011). Jarayim Alharb. 'War Crimes'. Alexandria: The Modern University Office. [in Arabic]
Nassar, W.N. (2008). Mafhum Aljarayim Dida Al'iinsaniat Fi Alqanun Alduwalii Aleami. 'The Concept of Crimes Against Humanity in Public International Law'. Beirut: Center for Arab Unity Studies. [in Arabic]
Rabie, Z. (2014). Jarayim Al'iibadat Aljimaeiati. 'Genocide Crimes'. Center for International Studies at the University of Baghdad, n/a(59), 95–135. [in Arabic]
Rome Statute. (1998). Nizam Ruma Almunashiy Lilmahkamat Aljinayiyat Aldawliat. 'Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court'. Available at: https://www.icc-cpi.int/NR/rdonlyres/ADD16852-AEE9-4757-ABE7-9CDC7CF02886/284265/RomeStatuteAra.pdf (accessed on 5/11/2020) [in Arabic]
Shaban, A.K. (2015). Alhimayat Alduwaliat Walshareiat Lidahaya Alnizaeat Almaslihati. 'International and Legal Protection for Victims of Armed Conflict'. Beirut: Al-Halabi Human Rights Publications. [in Arabic]
Shaw, M.N. (2008). International Law. Cambridge: Cambridge Press.
Talbi, M.H. (2017). Alqanun Alduwaliu Al'iinsaniu Wa'asasah Alfilasfiat Fi Al'islam. 'International Humanitarian Law and its Philosophical Foundations in Islam'. 3rd edition. Civilization Center for the Development of Islamic Thought. [in Arabic]
United Nations Declaration. (2007). Eilan Al'umam Almutahidat Bishan Huquq Alshueub Al'asliat. 'United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples'. Available at: http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/arabic/UN-Declaration-Indigenous.html (accessed on 7/11/2019) [in Arabic]
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2019). Aitisae Nitaq Alnuzuh Alqasrii Hawl Alealam Fi Eam 2019. 'Forced Displacement Expanded Around the World In 2019'. Available at: https://www.unhcr.org/ar/news/stories/2020/6/5eea8ccd4.html (accessed on 11/8/2019) [in Arabic]
World Bank. (2019). Taqrir Albank Alduwalii Hawl Altahjir Alqasruy. 'World Bank Report on Forced Displacement'. Available at: https://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/news/press-release/2016/09/15/forced-displacement-a-developing-world-crisis (accessed on 11/11/2019) [in Arabic]