Influence of temperature and light intensity on proliferation and formation of somatic embryos of cv. Samany date palm in vitro

(Wael Fathi Hassan Shehata)

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to detect the effect of physical factors (temperature and light intensity) on proliferation and formation of somatic embryogenesis stage from callus of Samany cv. of date palm. Two temperature degrees (20±2 or 27±2 ?C) and four levels of light intensities (0, 1000, 2000, or 3000 Lux) were used on calluses formed from production stage that was cultured on callus induction medium (DP1). The calluses were transferred to modified hormones free nutrient medium (DP2) for 3 months. The embryonic callus was transferred on the modified medium (DP3) containing (in mg l-1): 2.5 NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid) + 3 BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) + 2 Kin (Kinetin), for another 7 months to produce the largest possible number of somatic embryos during that period. The results showed that there are significant differences between the eight treatments of physical factors under study as the highest value for embryonic callus formation and highest means for the resultant somatic embryos numbers were for the explants cultured on total darkness and under low temperature of 20±2?C. Meanwhile, the lowest values came from explants cultured on high temperature of 27±2?C under high light intensity of 3000 Lux all over the study. Key Words: Embryogenic callus, light intensity, physical factors, proliferation, somatic embryogenesis, temperature.
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