Lesions in the Hippocampus and Substantia Nigra of Wistar Rats’ Brains Induced by Organophosphate Insecticide

(Ebtihajah Abd Alrazaq Zaalan, Mahmoud Qassem and Muhammad Muayyad Bilal)

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Abstract

As little is known about the neurotoxicity of the histological structure of the brain, this study focuses on the histological side of four- to six-month-old adult Wistar rat brains, which were examined after 0.1 mg\g organophosphate had been administered orally. In this study, the lesions were mainly localized at the hippocampus and substantia nigra (compacta pars) region. Distinct areas of necrotic and apoptotic tissues were detected in the CA1, CA2, and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and compacta pars of the substantia nigra. Programmed cell death in the dentate gyrus was observed as early as 72 hours after treatment and necrosis of some brain regions. Moreover, Lewy bodies were noticed in the compacta pars of the substantia nigra. The most important symptoms of parkinsonism were observed in the substantia nigra (compacta pars). These were decreased neurons, increased neuronal melanin in the neurons, and increased glial cells. The degeneration of some neurons was reported in the polymorphic and pyramidal layers. The data showed an increase in the density of the axon membrane and several changes to the axis structure, such as the disappearance of the myelin sheath in some areas along the axis.

KEYWORDS
CA1, CA2, cell degeneration, compacta pars, dentate gyrus, Lewy bodies

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