Influence of Laser Energies on Tin Oxide Nanoparticles Plasma Parameters Prepared by Nd:YAG Laser

(Madyan A. Khalaf and Wasnaa J. Hmood)

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Abstract

In this study, plasma was generated from laser-induced plasma and the parameters of the plasma were analysed using the optical emission spectroscopy technique. A 1064 nm wavelength Nd:YAG laser with a frequency of 6 Hz within a 9 ns timeframe, was used. The ratio between two spectral lines was used to calculate the temperature of the electron (Te), while the Saha-Boltzmann method was used to find the density of electrons (ne) for wavelengths between 170 - 670 nm, by changing the laser energies within the 400 – 900 mJ region. The remaining plasma parameters were also calculated. These included the Debye length (D), the plasma frequency (ωp) and the number of atoms within the Debye sphere (ND). Three relationship diagrams illustrate the relationship between laser energy change and the plasma parameter collection. The highest possible electron temperature is 1.453 eV, while the lowest possible temperature is 1.216 eV. The upper limit of the electron density has reached 6.5 × 1018 cm-3, and its lowest value is 1.7 × 1018 cm-3.

KEYWORDS
Tin oxide plasma, Saha-Boltzmann plot, optical emission spectroscopic (OES)

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